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  The siege of Privas.

  Frederick Henry and his cousin Ernst Casimir at the Siege of 's-Hertogenbosch.

Year 1629 (MDCXXIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

  Events

  January–June

• March 4 – Massachusetts Bay Colony is granted a Royal Charter.
• March 6 – Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor issues the Edict of Restitution, ordering all Catholic properties lost to Protestantism since 1552 are to be restored. The Edict further provides that Catholics and Lutherans (but not Calvinists, Hussites or members of other sects) are to be allowed to practice their faith.
• March 10 – Charles I of England dissolves Parliament, starting the Eleven Years' Tyranny in which there is no parliament.
• April 30 – Eighty Years' War: Frederick Henry of Orange lays siege to 's-Hertogenbosch, one of Spain's most important fortresses along the Spanish-Dutch border.
• May 14–May 28 – Huguenot rebellions: After a 15-day siege, Louis XIII captures Privas.
• May 22 – Thirty Years' War: Christian IV of Denmark and Wallenstein sign the Treaty of Lübeck, ending Denmark's involvement in the Thirty Years' War.
• May 29 – Thirty Years' War: Prince Frederick of Denmark, the Lutheran administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Verden, is expelled by the Catholic League as a result of the Edict of Restitution. He is replaced by the staunch catholic Francis of Wartenberg.
• June 4 – Dutch East India Company ship Batavia is wrecked on a reef near Beacon Island off Western Australia on her maiden voyage to the Indies. Following mutiny among the survivors, two exiled murderers become the first Europeans to settle in Australia. Their subsequent fate is unknown.^[1]
• June 7 – The Dutch States-General ratifies the Dutch West India Company's Charter of Freedoms and Exemptions, making it more attractive to invest in the colony of New Netherland in North America.
• June 17 – Huguenot rebellions: Alès surrenders after an intense siege. As a result, the leader of the Huguenot Rebellions, the Duke of Rohan, surrenders.
• June 17 – Anglo-Spanish War (1625): A Spanish expedition led by Fadrique de Toledo wipes out the English colony on Nevis.

  July–December

• August 19 – Eighty Years' War: The Spanish garrison of Wesel is surprised by a small Dutch army, and the city is taken by the Dutch Republic. As Wesel functioned as principal supply base of Hendrik van den Bergh's army, the loss of supply forces him to retreat to the Spanish Netherlands, leaving him unable to intervene in the ongoing siege of 's-Hertogenbosch.
• August 21 – Huguenot rebellions: Montauban, one of the last Huguenot strongholds, surrenders without a fight to Richelieu's troops.
• August 29 – As a result of the Cambridge Agreement, the Massachusetts Bay Colony becomes a self-governing entity.
• September 7 – Anglo-Spanish War (1625): A Spanish expedition led by Fadrique de Toledo wipes out the English colony on St. Kitts.
• September 14 – Eighty Years' War: After a 5 month long siege, 's-Hertogenbosch surrenders to Frederick Henry. As a result of the capture of this key fortress, Spain's situation along the Spanish-Dutch border worsens greatly.
• September 25 – Polish–Swedish War (1625–1629): Sweden and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth sign the Truce of Altmark, ending the war in highly favourable terms for Sweden.
• September 27 – Huguenot rebellions: Louis XIII, King of France, signs the Peace of Alès, ending the Huguenot rebellions. The Huguenots are allowed religious freedom, but lose their political, territorial and military rights.
• November 8 – Emperor Go-Mizunoo of Japan abdicates the throne in favour of his daughter, who becomes Empress Meishō.

  Undated

• The Italian Plague of 1629-1631 breaks out.
• Fort Santo Domingo is built in Formosa by the Spanish settlers.
• Chongzhen, the Chinese emperor of the Ming Dynasty, reiterates the state prohibition against female infanticide, while the empire and the Chinese economy begins to crumble. In the same year, a third of the courier stations are closed down due to lack of government funds to sustain them.
• The rule of Nzinga of Ndongo and Matamba ends.
• Actresses are banned in Japan.
• William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling briefly establishes a Scottish colony at Port Royal, Nova Scotia.

  Births

• March 9 – Tsar Alexis I of Russia (d. 1676)
• April 14 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch scientist (d. 1695)
• May 8 – Niels Juel, Danish admiral (d. 1697)
• August 4 – Sir George Acheson, 3rd Baronet, Irish nobleman (d. 1685)
• August 17 – King John III Sobieski of Poland (d. 1696)
• September – Lady Mary Dering, composer (d. 1704)
• September 4 – Lorenzo Pasinelli, Italian painter (d. 1700)
• September 9 – Cornelis Tromp, Dutch admiral (d. 1691)
• September 21 – Philip Howard, English Roman Catholic Cardinal (d. 1694)
• September 30 – Oliver Plunkett, Irish saint (d. 1681)
• December 12 – Simeon of Polotsk, Belarusian churchman and poet (d. 1680)
• date unknown
  • Katherine Austen, diarist and poet (d. c. 1683)
  • Don John of Austria the Younger, soldier (d. 1679)
  • Roderick O'Flaherty, Irish chieftain and historian (d. 1718)

  Deaths

• January 27 – Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)
• March – John Guy, first Governor of Newfoundland
• March 16 – Emilia of Nassau, daughter of William the Silent (b. 1559)
• March 23 – Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland (b. c. 1580)
• March 29 – Jacob de Gheyn II, painter and engraver (b. c. 1585)
• June 18 – Piet Pieterszoon Hein, Dutch naval officer (b. 1577)
• July 13 – Caspar Bartholin the Elder, Swedish physician and theologian (b. 1585)
• September 21 – Jan Pieterszoon Coen, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1587)
• October 2 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1575)
• October 2 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)
• October 3 – Giorgi Saakadze, Georgian military commander (b. 1570)
• November – Hendrick ter Brugghen, Dutch painter (b. c. 1558)
• date unknown
  • Antonio Vassilacchi ("Il Aliense"), painter
  • Abbas I of Persia
• probable – Sigismondo d'India, composer

  References