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# Boolean model (probability theory)

Realization of Boolean model with random-radii discs.

The Boolean model for a random subset of the plane (or higher dimensions, analogously) is one of the simplest and most tractable models in stochastic geometry. Take a Poisson point process of rate $\lambda$ in the plane and make each point be the center of a random set; the resulting union of overlapping sets is a realization of the Boolean model ${\mathcal B}$. More precisely, the parameters are $\lambda$ and a probability distribution on compact sets; for each point $\xi$ of the Poisson point process we pick a set $C_\xi$ from the distribution, and then define ${\mathcal B}$ as the union $\cup_\xi (\xi + C_\xi)$ of translated sets.

To illustrate tractability with one simple formula, the mean density of ${\mathcal B}$ equals [Unparseable or potentially dangerous latex formula. Error 2 ] where $\Gamma$ denotes the area of $C_\xi$. The classical theory of stochastic geometry develops many further formulas – see [1][2].

As related topics, the case of constant-sized discs is the basic model of continuum percolation [3]and the low-density Boolean models serve as a first-order approximations in the study of extremes in many models [4].

## References

1. ^ Stoyan, D., Kendall, W.S. and Mecke, J. (1987). Stochastic geometry and its applications. Wiley.
2. ^ Schneider, R. and Weil, W. (2008). Stochastic and Integral Geometry. Springer.
3. ^ Meester, R. and Roy, R. (2008). Continuum Percolation. Cambridge University Press.
4. ^ Aldous, D. (1988). Probability Approximations via the Poisson Clumping Heuristic. Springer.