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BoggleBritish 18 inch torpedo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Note : British "18 inch" torpedoes were in fact 45 cm (17.72 inch) in diameter, beginning with the 45 cm "Fiume" (Whitehead) torpedo of 1890.
There have been a number of 18 inch torpedoes in service with the United Kingdom.
These have been used on ships of the Royal Navy and aircraft of both the Fleet Air Arm and Royal Air Force.
Contents |
45 cm "Fiume" (Whitehead) torpedo
First introduced into British service in 1894.[1]
18 inch Mark V
Used on the River class and 1905 Tribal class destroyers.
18 inch Mark VI
18 inch Mark VII and VII*
Used by torpedo boats built before the First World War and destroyers. Used by RAF flying boats in the 1920s.
18 inch Mark VIII
- Year: 1913
- Role: Submarines and aircraft (note WW2 and after Mk VIII was a 21 inch torpedo)
- Warhead: 320 lb (145 kg) TNT
- Propulsion: Wet heater
- Performance: 35 knots (65 km/h) for 2.3 km (2,500 yd)
18 inch Mark XI
- Year: 1934
- Aircraft carried
- Dimensions: 449 mm dia. (17.7 inch)
- Warhead: 211 kg (465 lb) TNT
- Propulsion: Burner cycle
- Performance: 35 knots (65 km/h) for 2.3 km (2,500 yd)
18 inch Mark XII
| 18 inch Mark XII | |
|---|---|
| Type | torpedo |
| Place of origin | United Kingdom |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1937-1945 |
| Production history | |
| Designed | 1935 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 1,548 lb (702 kg) |
| Length | 16 ft 3 in (4.95 m) |
| Diameter | 17.7 inch (449 mm) |
| Warhead | TNT |
| Warhead weight | 388 lb (176 kg) |
| Engine | Burner cycle 140 hp (at 40 knots) |
| Speed | 40 knots (74 km/h) for 1,500 yd (1.4 km ) or 37 knots (69 km/h) for 3,500 yds(3.2 km) |
Aircraft launched, used by Fleet Air Arm and RAF Coastal Command.
18 inch Mark XIV
| 18 inch Mark XIV | |
|---|---|
| Type | torpedo |
| Place of origin | United Kingdom |
| Production history | |
| Designed | around 1938 |
| Specifications | |
| Weight | 1,630 lb (739 kg) |
| Diameter | 17.7 inch (449 mm) |
| Warhead | TNT |
| Warhead weight | 375 lb (170 kg) |
| Engine | Whitehead wet heater (methyl fuel) |
| Speed | 45 knots (83 km/h) for 1.5 km (1,650 yd) or 41 knots (76 km/h) for 2.7 km (2,950 yd) |
The Mark XIV was an aircraft- launched torpedo. Stocks were lost with the fall of Singapore
18 inch Mark XV
- Year: 1942
- Operators: FAA, RAF Coastal Command, RN
- Role: Aircraft and Motor Torpedo Boats, 1943 onwards
- Dimensions: 449 mm x 5.3 m (17.7 inch x 17 ft 3 in)
- Warhead: 545 lb (247 kg) Torpex
- Propulsion: Burner cycle
- Performance: 40 knots (74 km/h) for 2.3 km (2,500 yd) or 33 knots (61 km/h) for 3.2 km (3,500 yd)
18 inch Mark XVI
Electric torpedo project not completed.
18 inch Mark XVII
- United Kingdom, 1944
- Aircraft launched
- Operated by FAA, RAF Coastal Command, Blackburn Firebrand
- Dimensions: 449 mm x 5.3 m (17.7 inch x 17 ft 3 in)
- Warhead: 272 kg (600 lb) Torpex
- Propulsion: Burner cycle
- Performance: 40 knots (74 km/h) for 2.3 km (2,500 yd)
18 inch Mark 30
Known as "Dealer" and "Dealer B". Used from 1954 to 1970. [2]
See also
Notes
- ^ DiGiulian, British Torpedoes Pre-World War II
- ^ http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WTBR_PostWWII.htm
References
- Tony DiGiulian, Pre Second World War torpedoes
- Tony DiGiulian, Torpedos of the Second World War
External links
- Geoff Kirby, A History of the Torpedo in the Early Days
