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The FIFA Women's World Cup Trophy, awarded to the World Cup champions since 1999 |
|
| Founded | 1991 |
|---|---|
| Region | International (FIFA) |
| Number of teams | 16 (Finals) |
| Current champions | |
| Most successful team | (2 titles each) |
| Website | Official webpage |
The FIFA Women's World Cup is an international association football competition contested by the senior women's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1991. Japan won the 2011 tournament in a penalty shootout.
The current format of the tournament involves 16 teams competing for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over a period of about three weeks;– this phase is often called the World Cup Finals. A qualification phase, which currently takes place over the preceding three years, is used to determine which teams qualify for the tournament together with the host nation(s).
The FIFA Women's World Cup is recognized as the most important International competition in women's football and is played amongst women's national football teams of the member states of FIFA, the sport's global governing body. The first Women's World Cup tournament, named the Women's World Championship, was held in 1991, sixty-one years after the men's first FIFA World Cup tournament in 1930. The six World Cup tournaments have been won by four different national teams.
The next World Cup will be hosted by Canada in 2015.
Contents |
The tournament was originally the brainchild of the then FIFA president João Havelange.[1] The inaugural tournament was hosted in China in 1991, with twelve teams sent to represent their countries. The 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup was held in Sweden with twelve teams. [2] The United States and Germany have won the championship twice, and Norway and Japan once each.
In the 1999 edition, one of the most famous moments of the tournament was American defender Brandi Chastain's victory celebration after scoring the Cup-winning penalty kick against China. She took off her jersey and waved it over her head (as men frequently do), showing her muscular torso and sports bra as she celebrated. The 1999 final in the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California had an attendance of 90,185, a world record for a women's sporting event.[3]
The 1999 and 2003 Women's World Cups were both held in the United States; in 2003 China was supposed to host it, but the tournament was moved because of SARS.[4] As compensation, China retained its automatic qualification to the 2003 tournament as host nation, and was automatically chosen to host the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup. Germany hosted the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup, as decided by vote in October 2007. In March 2011, FIFA awarded Canada the right to host the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup. The 2015 edition will see the field expand from 16 to 24 teams.[5]
At the 2007 World Cup in China, U.S. captain Kristine Lilly competed in her fifth (and ultimately final)[6] World Cup, making her the first woman and at the time one of three players in history to appear in five World Cups.[7]
The current final tournament features 16 national teams competing over about three weeks in the host nation(s). There are two stages: the group stage followed by the knockout stage.[8]
In the group stage, teams compete within four groups of four teams each. In the group stage, 16 teams seeded into four groups (A,B,C, and D) compete against each other in a round-robin tournament. After Germany trounced Argentina 11–0 in the opening game of the 2007 World Cup, FIFA president Sepp Blatter conceded that the one-sided match was "not good for the game" and was something that FIFA would consider in deciding whether or not to expand the group phase to 24 teams.[9] On 3 December 2009, FIFA decided to expand the women's World Cup to 24 teams for 2015.
Each group plays a round-robin tournament, in which each team is scheduled for three matches against other teams in the same group. The last round of matches of each group is scheduled at the same time to preserve fairness among all four teams.The top two teams from each group advance to the knockout stage. Points are used to rank the teams within a group. Since 1994, three points have been awarded for a win, one for a draw and none for a loss (before, winners received two points).
The ranking of each team in each group is determined as follows:[10]
The knockout stage is a single-elimination tournament in which teams play each other in one-off matches, with extra time and penalty shootouts used to decide the winner if necessary. It begins with the round of 8 (or the second round) in which the winner of each group plays against the runner-up of another group. This is followed by the quarter-finals, the semi-finals, the third-place match (contested by the losing semi-finalists), and the final.[8]
| Year | Host | Champions | Score | Runners-up | Third Place | Score | Fourth Place | Number of teams | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 Details |
United States |
2–1 | Norway |
Sweden |
4–0 | Germany |
12 | ||||
| 1995 Details |
Norway |
2–0 | Germany |
United States |
2–0 | China PR |
12 | ||||
| 1999 Details |
United States |
0–0 asdet (5–4 pso) |
China PR |
Brazil |
0–0[A] (5–4 pso) |
Norway |
16 | ||||
| 2003 Details |
Germany |
2–1 asdet | Sweden |
United States |
3–1 | Canada |
16 | ||||
| 2007 Details |
Germany |
2–0 | Brazil |
United States |
4–1 | Norway |
16 | ||||
| 2011 Details |
Japan |
2–2 a.e.t. (3–1 pso) |
United States |
Sweden |
2–1 | France |
16 | ||||
| 2015 Details |
24 |
A No extra time was played.[11]
| # | Team | Titles | Runners-up | Third-place | Fourth-place |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 (1991, 1999) | 1 (2011) | 3 (1995, 2003, 2007) | – | |
| 2 | 2 (2003, 2007) | 1 (1995) | – | 1 (1991) | |
| 3 | 1 (1995) | 1 (1991) | – | 2 (1999, 2007) | |
| 4 | 1 (2011) | – | – | – | |
| 5 | – | 1 (2003) | 2 (1991, 2011) | – | |
| 6 | – | 1 (2007) | 1 (1999) | – | |
| 7 | – | 1 (1999) | – | 1 (1995) | |
| 8 | – | – | – | 1 (2003) | |
| – | – | – | 1 (2011) |
| World Cup | Golden Ball | Silver Ball | Bronze Ball |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 China | |||
| 1995 Sweden | |||
| 1999 USA | |||
| 2003 USA | |||
| 2007 China | |||
| 2011 Germany |
| World Cup | Golden Shoe | Goals | Silver Shoe | Goals | Bronze Shoe | Goals |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 China | 10 | 7 | 6 | |||
| 1995 Sweden | 6 | 5 | 3 | |||
| 1999 United States | 7 | 4 | ||||
| 2003 United States | 7 | 4 | 4 | |||
| 2007 China | 7 | 6 | 6 | |||
| 2011 Germany | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| World Cup | Golden Glove Award |
|---|---|
| 2003 USA | |
| 2007 China | |
| 2011 Germany |
| World Cup | Most Entertaining Team Award |
|---|---|
| 2003 USA | |
| 2007 China |
| World Cup | Fair Play Team Award |
|---|---|
| 1991 China | |
| 1995 Sweden | |
| 1999 USA | |
| 2003 USA | |
| 2007 China | |
| 2011 Germany |
|
|
|
|
| # | Player | Appearances |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | |
| 5 (1991*, 1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 5 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011) | ||
| 5 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011) | ||
| 5 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011) | ||
| 6 | 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003) | |
| 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003) | ||
| 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003) | ||
| 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003) | ||
| 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003) | ||
| 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2003) | ||
| 4 (1991, 1995, 1999, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995*, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999*, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007) | ||
| 4 (1999*, 2003, 2007, 2011) | ||
| 4 (1999*, 2003, 2007*, 2011) | ||
| 4 (1999*, 2003*, 2007, 2011) | ||
| 4 (1999, 2003, 2007, 2011) | ||
| 4 (1999, 2003, 2007, 2011) |
*Did not play but was part of the squad.
| # | Player | Matches |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30 | |
| 2 | 25 | |
| 3 | 24 | |
| 4 | 23 | |
| 23 | ||
| 6 | 22 | |
| 22 | ||
| 22 |
|
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