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BoggleList of offshore wind farms
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about offshore wind farms. For onshore wind farms, see List of onshore wind farms.
One of the turbines at the Kentish Flats Wind Farm.
The following page lists all offshore wind farms that are currently operational or under construction. Farms that are below 100 MW are not listed. As of September 2009, the 209 MW Horns Rev 2 wind farm in Denmark is the world's largest offshore wind farm. The United Kingdom is currently the world's leading generator of offshore wind power, followed by Denmark.[1] Many offshore wind farms are under construction and the largest of these is the 500 MW Greater Gabbard wind farm in the United Kingdom.[2] New proposed offshore wind farms include the 1,500 MW Atlantic Array and the 1,000 MW London Array, both in the United Kingdom.[3][4] New deep-water, floating-turbine technologies are only recently beginning to be deployed. The first utility-scale installation of this type is the Hywind, a 2.3 MW turbine in 220 m (722 ft) deep water in the North Sea,[5] which started operation in September 2009.[6] In May 2009, consultancy Frost & Sullivan estimated that installed capacity of offshore wind power would grow to 18,769 MW by 2015.[7]
Compared to onshore wind power, offshore wind power is more complex and costly to install and maintain but also has several key advantages. Winds are typically stronger and more stable at sea, resulting in significantly higher production per unit installed. Wind turbines can also be bigger than on land because it is easier to transport very large turbine components by sea.[8]
Contents |
Operational wind farms
The following table lists offshore wind farms that are in operation as of January 2010.[2][not in citation given][9][not in citation given]
Under construction
The following table lists offshore wind farms that are under construction as of January 2010.[2][not in citation given]
| Wind farm | Capacity (MW) | Country | Turbines and model | Completion | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpha ventus | 60 | Germany | 6 × REpower 5M, 6 × Multibrid M5000 | 2009 | [22][23] |
| Avedøre | 7.2 | Denmark | 2009 | [2] | |
| Donghai Bridge Wind Farm | 100 | China | 34 × Sinovel 3 MW | 2010 | [24][25] |
| BARD Offshore 1 | 400 | Germany | 80 | 2010 | [26] |
| Frederikshavn | 12 | Denmark | 2010 | [2] | |
| Gasslingegrund | 30 | Sweden | 2009 | [2] | |
| Greater Gabbard wind farm | 500 | United Kingdom | 140 × Siemens 3.6-107 | 2011 | [2] |
| Gunfleet Sands Offshore Wind Farm | 172 | United Kingdom | 48 × Siemens 3.6-107 | 2010 | [27][28] |
| Ormonde Wind Farm | 150 | United Kingdom | 30 × RePower 5M | 2010 | [2] |
| Rhyl Flats | 90 | United Kingdom | 25 × Siemens 3.6-107 | 2009 | [29] |
| Rødsand II | 200 | Denmark | 72 × Siemens 2.3-93 | 2010 | [30] |
| Robin Rigg (Solway Firth) | 180 | United Kingdom | 60 × Vestas V90-3MW | 2009 | [31] |
| Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm | 315 | United Kingdom | 88 × Siemens 3.6-107 | 2011 | [32][33] |
| Sprogø | 21 | Denmark | 2009 | [2] | |
| Tricase | 90 | Italy | 38 × 2.4 MW | 2012 | [34] |
| Thanet Offshore Wind Project | 300 | United Kingdom | 100 × Vestas V90-3MW | 2010 | [35] |
| Bligh Bank | 165 | Belgium | 55 × Vestas V90-3MW | 2011 | [36] |
Proposed
The following table lists offshore wind farms that are only at a proposal stage as of January 2010.[citation needed]
See also
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Offshore wind farms |
References
- ^ Blown away
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Offshore Statistics January 2009
- ^ Meet the world's largest offshore windfarm, 22 May 2007
- ^ London Array official site
- ^ a b Patel, Prachi (2009-06-22). "Floating Wind Turbines to Be Tested". IEEE Spectrum. http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/green-tech/wind/floating-wind-turbines-to-be-tested. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
- ^ a b Madslien, Jorn (2009-09-08), Floating challenge for offshore wind turbine, BBC News, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8235456.stm, retrieved 2009-09-14
- ^ Frost & Sullivan: Offshore Wind Energy Set to Boom in the Next Few Years, news release, 2009-05-13
- ^ Offshore Wind Energy: Action needed to deliver on the Energy Policy Objectives for 2020 and beyond p. 2.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Steve Kopits and Adam Westwood. Offshore Wind: Time for a Market Take-off? Renewable Energy World, 8 October 2009, Table 1.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Offshore Wind Farms 2008". EWEA. 2009-02-02. http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/ewea_documents/documents/statistics/Offshore_Wind_Farms_2008.pdf. Retrieved 2009-02-04.
- ^ http://www.bowind.co.uk/keyfacts.shtml
- ^ [1]
- ^ Horns Rev II turbines
- ^ winwind
- ^ [2]
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ Wind farm's first turbines active
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ Samsø Havvind
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ "E.ON Energy Projects: Borkum Offshore Wind Farm Power Plants on Order". E.ON. http://www.eon-energie.com/pages/eea_en/Knowledge_about_energy/E.ON_Energies_projects/Alpha_ventus. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ "Press release" (in German). alpha-ventus. 2008-07-25. http://www.alpha-ventus.de/index.php?id=17. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- ^ a b c d Wei, Wang (2009-04-17). "Shanghai builds China's biggest offshore wind farm" (in en). china.org.cn. http://www.china.org.cn/environment/news/2009-04/17/content_17625802.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-25.
- ^ "Sinovel develops 3MW offshore wind turbine". http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2009-06/24/content_8316168.htm.
- ^ "Weg frei für den Windpark im Meer". http://www.nordsee-zeitung.de/Home/Region/Cuxland/Weg-frei-fuer-den-Windpark-im-Meer-_arid,182964_puid,1_pageid,17.html. Retrieved 2009-07-26.
- ^ http://www.dongenergy.com/NR/rdonlyres/435D591F-6410-4B4E-9529-490A202C8F1A/0/GunfleetSandsProjectbriefingnoteNo2.pdf
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/press/press-releases/renewable-energy/2008/ERE200810002.htm
- ^ Interactive Map for Marine Estate
- ^ "SWT-3.6-107 Wind Turbine". Siemens. http://www.powergeneration.siemens.com/products-solutions-services/products-packages/wind-turbines/products/swt-3-6-107/. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
- ^ "Sheringham Shoal Offshore Wind Farm" (PDF). StatoilHydro. http://www.statoilhydro.com/en/TechnologyInnovation/NewEnergy/RenewablePowerProduction/Offshore/SheringhamShoel/Downloads/Fact%20sheet.pdf. Retrieved 2009-07-19.
- ^ Floating Wind Turbines: Deepwater Installation Offshore Industry 2:4, Sep. 2009, p. 48-51.
- ^ "Thanet". The Engineer Online. 2008-07-25. http://www.theengineer.co.uk/Articles/308825/Wind+farm+project.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
- ^ "Belwind". http://www.belwind.eu. Retrieved 2009-08-03.
- ^ Siemens wins offshore wind contract
- ^ Borkum West II Offshore Windpark
- ^ New wind farm could create energy engineering jobs in the North Sea
- ^ a b c d e f g h i New UK offshore wind farm licences are announced, BBC News, 2010-01-08
- ^ Buzzards Bay wind farm proposed
- ^ Offshore Wind Farms Fall Victim to Financial Crisis
- ^ http://www.airtricity.com/international/wind_farms/offshore/germany/consented/butendiek/
- ^ Kennedy, Robert Jr. (December 16, 2005). "An Ill Wind Off Cape Cod". The New York Times. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0D1EF734550C758DDDAB0994DD404482. Retrieved 2010-01-30.
- ^ Codling wind park successfully obtained consent for the construction of 220 turbines
- ^ “Agreement Reached On Del. Wind Farm”, The Washington Post, June 24, 2008, page B02.
- ^ Power for 340,000 homes from Docking Shoal windfarms
- ^ a b c d BWEA Briefing Sheet: Offshore Wind p. 4.
- ^ Dublin Array Map
- ^ a b c d [3]
- ^ RWE Innogy Acquires Rights To Build 960-MW Offshore Wind Farm, January 28, 2009
- ^ Germany Plans Up to 600 MW Wind Power Park in Finland
- ^ JK Energy, Ltd acquires license from Ministry of Economics
- ^ Lincs wind farm contract signed
- ^ "E.ON and DONG Energy become 50:50 partners in world’s largest offshore wind farm". The London Array. http://www.londonarray.com/category/press-releases/. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
- ^ Project Site located in Hecate Strait between Haida Gwaii and Prince Rupert on the British Columbia mainland
- ^ Wind Energy: Mainstream Renewable Power, Telegraph.co.UK, 28 Apr 2009
- ^ Oriel Windfarm Project Information
- ^ Centrica seeks consent for 620MW Race Bank offshore wind farm
- ^ Fuinneamh Sceirde Teoranta
- ^ [4]
- ^ Design of Triton Knoll Offshore Wind Farm Project off UK Coast Kicks Off
- ^ Walney wind farm gets UK approval
- ^ ScottishPower Receives Planning Permission for West of Duddon Sands Wind Farm
External links
- 4C Offshore's Global Offshore Wind Farm Map and Database
- UK Crown Estates Interactive marine estates map of UK
- List of Trillium Power's Great Lakes Offshore Wind developments
- BWEA British Wind Energy Association's offshore page
- RAVE Offshore Map Interactive Map of Offshore Wind Energy in Europe
- Offshore wind to take EU by storm?
- Crown Estate awards rights on 6GW Scottish offshore wind power
- REpower clinches £1.7bn offshore wind turbine deal with RWE
- Siemens wins 1,800 MW wind turbine contract
- Norway proposes sea-based wind power
- DOI Announces Five Exploratory Leases for Offshore Wind Energy
- List of proposed offshore wind projects in North America
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