Orange  — Spectral coordinates — Wavelength 590–620 nm Frequency 505–480 THz  — Common connotations — warning, autumn, desire, fire, Halloween, Thanksgiving, prisoners, Orangism (Netherlands), Unionism (Ireland), Indian religions, engineering, determination, compassion, endurance, optimism — Colour coordinates — Hex triplet #FF7F00 RGBB (r, g, b) (255, 127, 0) HSV (h, s, v) (30°, 100%, 100%) Source HTML Colour Chart @30   Arch in Arches National Park, Utah   TNT post sign in the Netherlands The colour orange occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum at a wavelength of about 585–620 nm, and has a hue of 30° in HSV colour space. It is numerically halfway between red and yellow in a gamma-compressed RGB colour space, the expression of which is the RGB colour wheel. The complementary colour of orange is azure. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families, and absorb mostly blue light.   Oranges (fruit) Contents 1 Etymology 2 Computer web color oranges 2.1 Orange (web colour) 2.2 Dark orange (web colour) 3 Other variations of orange 3.1 Orange peel 3.2 Burnt orange 3.3 Brown 4 Orange in culture 4.1 Academia 4.2 Cultural meanings 4.3 Geography and history 4.4 Politics 4.5 Religion 4.6 School colors 4.7 Sports 4.8 Transportation planning 5 See also 6 Notes 7 External links Etymology Main article: Orange (word) The colour orange is named after the appearance of the ripe orange fruit.[1] Before this word was introduced to the English-speaking world, the colour was referred to as ġeolurēad (yellow-red). The first recorded use of orange as a colour name in English was in 1512,[2][3] in a will now filed with the Public Records Office. Computer web color oranges Orange (web colour) Orange (web colour) — Colour coordinates — Hex triplet #FFA500 sRGBB (r, g, b) (255, 165, 0) HSV (h, s, v) (39°, 100%, 100%) Source CSS/X11/SVG[4] B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) Web colour orange, defined as FFA500, is the only named colour defined in CSS that is not also defined in HTML 4.01. Dark orange (web colour) Dark orange (web colour) — Colour coordinates — Hex triplet #FF8C00 sRGBB (r, g, b) (255, 140, 0) HSV (h, s, v) (34°, 100%, 100%) Source X11/SVG[4] B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) The web colour called dark orange because the color orange does not really exist Other variations of orange Main article: Variations of orange Orange peel   Orange fruit and cross section Orange Peel — Color coordinates — Hex triplet #FF9F00 RGBB (r, g, b) (255, 159, 0) HSV (h, s, v) (38°, 100%, 100%) Source Maerz and Paul B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) Displayed to the left is the actual colour of the outer skin of a typical orange. This colour is called orange peel. It is the same colour as the fruit for which it was named. A discussion of the difference between the colour orange (the colour halfway between red and yellow, i.e. colour wheel orange, RGB #FF7F00, shown at the top of this article) and the colour orange peel (the actual colour of the outer skin of an orange), may be found in Maerz and Paul.[5] The first recorded use of orange peel as a colour name in English was in 1839.[6] Burnt orange Burnt orange — Colour coordinates — Hex triplet #CC5500 RGBB (r, g, b) (204, 85, 0) HSV (h, s, v) (25°, 100%, 80%) Source University of Texas at Austin[7] B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) Burnt orange has been in use as a colour name for this deep medium shade of orange since 1915.[8] This colour is one variation that is used as a school colour of the University of Texas at Austin, Westwood High School (Austin, Texas), Clemson University, Virginia Tech, Auburn University, and Mesa Verde High School (Citrus Heights, California). This variation of orange is one of the primary colours for the American Football team the Cleveland Browns. Burnt orange was popular in interior design during the 1970s, and is often associated with this period. Red headed people usually have hair that is more accurately a burnt orange colour than a bright orange. ((-

B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

  Brown

Brown
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#964B00
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(150, 75, 0)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(30°, 100%, 59%)
Source		[1]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Brown is actually derived from the orange part (orange + grey) of the colour spectrum. It can be described as an especially dark orange.

The first recorded use of brown as a colour name in English was in about 1000 in the Metres of Boethius.^[9][10]

  Orange in culture

  Academia

• In the United States and Canada, orange regalia is associated with the field of engineering.^[11]

  Cultural meanings

  Orange heraldic tincture, in colour and monochrome representations

• In English heraldry, orange is considered synonymous with the tincture tenne. However, its use as a heraldic tincture is relatively rare, as it is considered a "stain" (a deprecated tincture) by some. In continental heraldry, tenne is more often deemed to denote a burnt orange colour.
• The colours orange and black represent the secular holiday Halloween (31 October) because orange is the colour of pumpkins and black is the colour of night and is associated with doom, despair and darkness.
• The colours orange and brown represent the United States holiday Thanksgiving.
• Orange is the contrasting colour of blue and is highly visible against a clear sky. Therefore, shades of orange such as safety orange are often used in high visibility clothing and other safety equipment and objects.
• Due to its brightness, orange is used in the construction industry on road signs and safety jackets to warn passers-by of the pending dangers ahead.
• Orange is used to promote awareness and prevention of self-injury.
• Prisoners are often dressed in orange clothing to make them easier to see if they try to escape.

  Geography and history

  A field of orange California poppies

• Historically and culturally, saffron, red and white have always been the most prominent colours of Hinduism and have been regularly worn, particularly in religious ceremonies, in India for more than 2000 years.

• Orange is the national colour of the Netherlands. The royal family, the House of Orange-Nassau, derives its name in part from its former holding, the principality of Orange. (The title Prince of Orange is still used for the Dutch heir apparent.)
• The Republic of the Orange Free State (Dutch: Oranje-Vrijstaat) was an independent Boer republic in southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, and later a British colony and a province of the Union of South Africa. It is the historical precursor to the present-day Free State province. Extending between the Orange and Vaal rivers, its borders were determined by the United Kingdom in 1848 when the region was proclaimed as the Orange River Sovereignty, with a seat of a British Resident in Bloemfontein.

• Oranjemund (German for: "Mouth of Orange") is a town situated in the extreme southwest of Namibia, on the northern bank of the Orange River mouth.

  Politics

• The saffron stripe in the flag of India signifies courage, sacrifice and the spirit of renunciation.
• Orange is the national colour of the Netherlands (See above at: Geography and history). Orange was seen on its original flag until the middle of the 17th century.
• Orange, white, and green are the national colours of India, the Republic of Ireland, Niger and Côte d'Ivoire.
• The Orange Institution is a pro-British Protestant association based in Northern Ireland.
• In the United States Army, orange is the colour of the United States Army Signal Corps.
• The US Department of Homeland Security's code orange on its terror threat scale represents a high risk, second highest to severe.
• Prisoners incarcerated in many American jails and prisons are made to wear orange jumpsuits so they will be easy to see if they try to escape.
• Deluxe International orange is the colour of the paint on San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge.
• The US Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices specifies orange for use in temporary and construction signage.
• Orange was the rallying colour of the 2004 – 2005 Orange Revolution in Ukraine.
• Orange is sometimes associated with various Christian democratic and populist parties.
• Orange was the colour used by the historical Liberal Party of the United Kingdom
• Orange was used as a rallying colour by Israelis (such as Jewish settlers) who opposed Israel's unilateral disengagement plan in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank in 2005.
• Orange is the party colour of:

  Religion

  Buddhist monks in the Theravada tradition typically wear saffron robes, although occasionally maroon, the colour normally worn by Vajrayana Buddhist monks is worn.

• Orange, or more specifically deep saffron, is the most sacred colour of Hinduism.
• Orange is used to symbolically represent the second (Swadhisthana) chakra.^[12]
• Hindu and Sikh flags atop mandirs and gurdwaras, respectively, are typically a saffron coloured pennant.^[13]
• Saffron robes are often worn by Hindu swamis and Buddhist monks in the Theravada tradition.
• Orange represents the sin of gluttony.
• In Thailand, orange is associated with Thursday on the Thai solar calendar. Anyone may wear orange on Thursday and anyone born on a Thursday may adopt orange as their colour.
• The "New Age Prophetess", Alice Bailey, in her system called the Seven Rays which classifies humans into seven different metaphysical psychological types, the "fifth ray" of "Concrete Science" is represented by the color orange. People who have this metaphysical psychological type are said to be "on the Orange Ray".^[14]

  School colors

Orange can also be associated with colleges. Among notable colleges with orange as a colour include:

• Auburn University
• Boise State University
• Bowling Green State University
• Caltech
• Clemson University
• Cork Institute of Technology
• Florida A&M University
• University of Florida
• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• University of Miami
• Oklahoma State University
• Oregon State University
• Princeton University
• Rochester Institute of Technology
• Sam Houston State University
• Susquehanna University
• Syracuse University, whose sports teams are nicknamed Orange
• University of Tennessee
• University of Texas at Austin
• University of Texas at Dallas
• University of Texas at El Paso
• University of Virginia
• Virginia Tech

  Sports

  Citi Field's left field foul pole

• In the sport of baseball some foul poles are orange, but only one in Major League Baseball, belonging to the New York Mets at their home ballpark Citi Field (and previously, Shea Stadium).

Orange is a team colour for a number of professional sports teams.

Major League Baseball

• Baltimore Orioles
• Detroit Tigers
• Miami Marlins
• New York Mets
• San Francisco Giants

National Basketball Association

• Oklahoma City Thunder
• Charlotte Bobcats
• New York Knicks
• Phoenix Suns

National Football League

• Chicago Bears
• Cincinnati Bengals
• Cleveland Browns
• Denver Broncos
• Miami Dolphins

Indian Premier League

• Kochi Tuskers Kerala

National Hockey League

• Philadelphia Flyers
• New York Islanders
• Edmonton Oilers
• Anaheim Ducks
• San Jose Sharks

Australian Football League

• Greater Western Sydney Football Club

National Rugby League

• Wests Tigers

A league

• Brisbane Roar

Football League Championship

• Blackpool F.C.

Conference National

• Luton Town F.C.

Scottish Premier League

• Dundee United

Ukrainian Premier League

• FC Shakhtar Donetsk

  Transportation planning

• Orange is the colour of a subway line in Boston. It goes from Oak Grove in Malden, Massachusetts to Forest Hills in Jamaica Plain, Boston, Massachusetts. The line is named after Orange Street in Boston where the elevated tracks used to run over during the 1940s, 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s.

  See also

• Orange wine
• Amber
• List of colours

  Notes

  External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Orange

• Orange Spectrum Color Chart Listing
• All Things Orange - slideshow by Life magazine