Wildlife of Sri Lanka
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| Wildlife of Sri Lanka | |
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| Protected areas | |
|---|---|
| Protected areas of Sri Lanka National parks Biosphere reserves | |
| Flora and Fauna | |
| Birds of Sri Lanka (Endemics) | |
| Conservation issues | |
| Deforestation in Sri Lanka | |
| Zoological gardens | |
| Pinnawela Elephant Orphanage | |
| Authorities | |
| Department of Forest Conservation | |
| Civil societies | |
| Field Ornithology Group of Sri Lanka | |
| Ecoregions | |
| Ecoregions in Sri Lanka | |
Wildlife of Sri Lanka includes its flora and fauna and their natural habitats. Sri Lanka has one of the highest rates of biological endemism (16% of the fauna and 23% of flowering plants are endemic[1]) in the world even though it is relatively small.
Contents |
Fauna
Mammals
Main article: List of mammals of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is home to roughly 91 species of mammals, 41 of which are threatened (9 critically). 16 of the species are endemic, of which 14 are threatened,[2] including the large Sloth Bear, the endemic Sri Lanka Leopard and Sri Lankan Elephant and the Sambar. Bats have the highest amount of species (out of 11 mammalian orders), with 30 different species. Sri Lanka's surrounding waters are home to 26 species of Cetaceans.
Reptiles
Sri Lanka currently contains 171 species of reptiles, of which 56 are threatened and 101 are endemic. Most of the reptiles are snakes and the largest are two species of Crocodile, the Mugger crocodile and Saltwater Crocodile.[2]
Amphibians
Sri Lanka has one of the most rich diversity of Amphibians, containing over 106 species of amphibians (over 90 of which are endemic)[2] and has been claimed to have the highest amphibian species density in the world[3] though that has been challenged[4]. 52 species of amphibians in Sri Lanka are threatened, all but one of which are endemic.
Birds
Main article: List of birds of Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka is home to 227 species of birds (though some past estimates put it as high as 486[5]), 46 of which are threatened (10 critically).[2]
Fish
Sri Lanka contains 82 species of freshwater fish, of which 28 are threatened.[2]
Flora
| This section requires expansion. |
See also
References
- ↑ "Biological diversity of Sri Lanka". Young Biologist Assossiation, Sri Lanka. http://ybiol.tripod.com/biodiv.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-12.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 The Red List of Threatened Fauan and Flora of Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: The World Conservation Union (IUCN). 2007. pp. 166. ISBN 978-955 -8177 -63-1. http://www.srilankareptile.com/animals/2007%20-%20Red_List%20%28Sri%20Lanka%29.pdf. Retrieved 12-09-2009.
- ↑ Pethiyagoda, Rohan; Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi (November 1998). "Evaluating Sri Lanka’s amphibian diversity". Occasional papers of Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka 2. http://www.lankalibrary.com/wlife/amphi.htm. Retrieved 12-09-09.
- ↑ Chaitra,, M. S.; Karthikeyan Vasudevan and Kartik Shanker (10-04-04). "The biodiversity bandwagon: the splitters have it". Current Science 86 (7): 3. http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/apr102004/897.pdf. Retrieved 12-09-09.
- ↑ Kotagama, Sarath W.; Rex I. De Silva, Athula S. Wijayasinha, Vathsala Abeygunawardane (2006). Avifaunal List of Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: IUCN. http://books.google.com/books?id=dECS8PTrUg4C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false.
- ↑ "Unique and threatened biodiversity". biodiversityhotspots.org. Conservation International. http://www.biodiversityhotspots.org/xp/Hotspots/ghats/Pages/biodiversity.aspx. Retrieved 2009-09-15.
- ↑ "Forest Resources". Forest resources of Sri Lanka Country report. Food and Agriculture Organization. Rome, 2001. http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/ad678e/AD678E04.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-15.
- Channa N. B. Bambaradeniya, ed (2006). Fauna of Sri Lanka: Status of Taxonomy, Research and Conservation. Colombo, Sri Lanka: The World Convservation Union (IUCN). pp. 308. ISBN 955-8177-51-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=dECS8PTrUg4C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_navlinks_s#v=onepage&q=&f=false.
External links
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