Wythe County, Virginia
Wythe County Courthouse in Wytheville
Seal
Location in the state of Virginia
Virginia's location in the U.S.
Founded	1790
Seat	Wytheville
Area  - Total  - Land  - Water	465 sq mi (1,204 km²) 463 sq mi (1,199 km²) 1 sq mi (3 km²), 0.29%
Population  -  Density	29,235 60/sq mi (23/km²)
Website	www.wytheco.org

Wythe County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 29,235^[1][2]. Its county seat is Wytheville^[3].

  History

Wythe County was formed from Montgomery County in 1790. It was named after George Wythe, the first Virginian signer of the Declaration of Independence. During the Civil War the Battle of Cove Mountain was fought in the county.

Wythe County is also home to the Austinville community which was founded by Stephen and his brother Moses Austin, father of the famous Stephen F. Austin. In the 1790s the Austins took over the mines that produced lead and zinc; the town was named for the Austin surname, and not for any one particular Austin of the brothers who bore that surname. Lead was mined and shipped throughout the fledgling country; lead shot was also produced. Located near Fosters Falls, Jackson Ferry Shot Tower still stands as a testament to the citizens of Wythe County. Lead was hoisted to the top of the tower using block and tackle and oxen. The lead was melted in a retort and then poured through a sieve at the top of the tower. The droplets of molten lead would become round during the 150-foot descent. The shot would collect in a kettle of water and slave laborers^[4] would enter through a 110-foot access tunnel located near the bank of the New River to retrieve the shot from the kettle.

The lead mines closed in 1982 due to new United States Environmental Protection Agency‎ standards and the lack of market for lead. The mines have since filled with water; the main shaft extended in excess of 1100 feet straight down.

Another notable area within the county is the unincorporated community of Fort Chiswell - named for a French and Indian War era fort. The fort and its surrounding buildings served as the county seat until the incorporated town of Wytheville was established approximately 10 miles to the west. The fort fell into disrepair and its ruins were covered over when the intersection of I-77 and I-81 was constructed in the 1970s. A pyramid marker now stands in the approximate location of the former fort. The community was named for Colonel John Chiswell who helped establish the lead mines (1757) prior to the Austin's purchase.

Wythe County's location, at the confluence of I-81 and I-77 which is, incidentally, a wrong-way concurrency, has led to its growth for industry and tourism. Recently Gatorade and Pepsi manufacturing facilities have located here, primarily due to the ease of access and central location along the Eastern seabord. There are a variety of travel-related businesses including several hundred hotel rooms, several truck stops, and restaurants located in the county. Tourism takes a variety of different forms in Wythe County. There are numerous opportunities for those that enjoy outdoor activities including a variety of trails, campgrounds, and parks in the area. Its first winery opened in 2006 and a second opened in 2007. A dinner theatre is located in the county seat, Wytheville.

  Wythe County Courthouse front facade

  Geography

  National protected areas

• Jefferson National Forest (part)
• Mount Rogers National Recreation Area (part)

  Demographics

As of the census^[5] of 2000, there were 27,599 people, 11,511 households, and 8,103 families residing in the county. The population density was 60 people per square mile (23/km²). There were 12,744 housing units at an average density of 28 per square mile (11/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 95.76% White, 2.87% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.24% from other races, and 0.58% from two or more races. 0.57% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 11,511 households out of which 28.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.20% were married couples living together, 10.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.60% were non-families. 26.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the county, the population was spread out with 21.80% under the age of 18, 7.60% from 18 to 24, 28.90% from 25 to 44, 25.90% from 45 to 64, and 15.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 91.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.30 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $32,235, and the median income for a family was $40,188. Males had a median income of $29,053 versus $20,550 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,639. About 8.50% of families and 11.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.50% of those under age 18 and 13.40% of those age 65 or over.

  Communities

  Towns

• Rural Retreat
• Wytheville

  Unincorporated communities

• Austinville
• Cripple Creek
• Crockett
• Fort Chiswell
• Ivanhoe
• Max Meadows
• Speedwell
• Yurpiville

  Education

  Colleges

• Breckbill Bible College, Grahams Forge
• Blueridge College of Evangelism, Wytheville
• Wytheville Community College, Wytheville

  Public high schools

• Fort Chiswell High School, Fort Chiswell
• George Wythe High School, Wytheville
• Rural Retreat High School, Rural Retreat

  See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Wythe County, Virginia
• Wythe County Sheriff's Office

  References

		Bland County
	Smyth County		Pulaski County
		Wythe County, Virginia
		Grayson County	Carroll County

Municipalities and communities of Wythe County, Virginia, United States County seat: Wytheville Towns Rural Retreat Wytheville CDPs Fort Chiswell Ivanhoe Max Meadows Unincorporated communities Austinville Cripple Creek Crockett Rackettown Speedwell

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Coordinates: 36°55′N 81°05′W / 36.92°N 81.09°W / 36.92; -81.09