»
Arabic Bulgarian Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Italian Japanese Korean Latvian Lithuanian Malagasy Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian Slovak Slovenian Spanish Swedish Thai Turkish Vietnamese
Arabic Bulgarian Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hebrew Hindi Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Italian Japanese Korean Latvian Lithuanian Malagasy Norwegian Persian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian Slovak Slovenian Spanish Swedish Thai Turkish Vietnamese

definition of Wikipedia

# Googol

A googol is the large number 10100, that is, the digit 1 followed by one hundred zeros in decimal representation.

The term was coined in 1938[1] by Milton Sirotta (1929–1980), nephew of American mathematician Edward Kasner, when he was nine years old. Kasner popularized the concept in his book Mathematics and the Imagination (1940).A googol is of the same order of magnitude as the factorial of 70 (70! being approximately 1.198 googol, or 10 to the power 100.0784). In binary it would take up 333 bits.A googol has no particular significance in mathematics, but is useful when comparing with other very large quantities such as the number of subatomic particles in the visible universe or the number of possible chess games. Edward Kasner used it to illustrate the difference between an unimaginably large number and infinity, and in this role it is sometimes used in teaching mathematics.

Other names for googol include ten duotrigintillion on the short scale, ten thousand sexdecillion on the long scale, or ten sexdecilliard on the Peletier long scale.

## Googolplex

A googolplex is the number one followed by one googol zeroes, or ten raised to the power of one googol:

10googol = 10(10100).

In the documentary Cosmos, astronomer and broadcast personality Carl Sagan estimated that writing a googolplex in base-10 numerals (i.e., 1 followed by a googol of zeroes) would be physically impossible, since doing so would require more space than the known universe provides.

## Googol and comparable large numbers

Fewer than a googol Planck times have elapsed since the Big Bang (the current figure stands at around 8×1060 Planck times). On the other hand, the volume of the observable universe is about 9×10185 cubic Planck lengths.

A googol is greater than the number of atoms in the observable universe, which has been variously estimated from 1079 up to 1081.[2][3]

From the previous figures it can be seen that a list of positions of every particle at every possible instant of time, at the maximum possible accuracy, would contain well over a googol entries (of the order of 10325), but still far less than a googolplex.

Avogadro's number, 6.02214179 × 1023, is exactly the number of 12C atoms in 12 grams (0.012 kg) of unbound 12C in its ground state. It is perhaps the most widely known large number from chemistry and physics. Avogadro's number is less than the fourth root of a googol.

Black holes are presumed to evaporate because they faintly give off Hawking radiation; if so, a supermassive black hole would take about a googol years to evaporate.[4]

A googol is roughly equal to the factorial of 70; this number is 1.1987...  × 10100. It follows that there are more than a googol ways to arrange 70 objects into a sequence.

The odds are approximately one in a googol that 333 coins tossed in the air will all land heads up (2333 = 1.7498...  × 10100) or that a person repeatedly throwing a pair of dice will roll double sixes 65 consecutive times. (3665 = 1.4443 x 10101)

It would take approximately 11,256 googbibytes (1024100) to store every possible product of two primes in the RSA-1024 bit keyspace.[5]

The Shannon number, 10120, a rough lower bound on the number of possible chess games, is more than a googol.

A googol is considerably less than the number described in the ancient Archimedes' story of The Sand Reckoner, namely

$\left((10^8)^{(10^8)}\right)^{(10^8)}=10^{8\cdot 10^{16}}.$

But it should be noted that the system invented by Archimedes is reminiscent of a positional numeral system with base 108, so that Archimedes' number could be written

$\left[\left((10)^{(10)}\right)^{10}\right]_{10^8}=\left[10^{100}\right]_{10^8},$

that is, the analogue of the googol in base 108.

Here is a visual representation:10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

with commas:10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

One should also note that googol is a perfect 100th power.

## In popular culture

• Googol was the answer to the million-pound question: "A number one followed by 100 zeros is known by what name?" on Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? when Major Charles Ingram attempted to defraud the quiz show on 10 September 2001. The other options were a megatron, a gigabit or a nanomole.[6]
• Googol is one of the 336 vocabulary words in the board game Balderdash, and their definition on the back of the card is "The number one followed by 100 zeros."
• In the January 23, 1963, Peanuts strip, Lucy asks Schroeder what the chances are of them getting married, and Schroeder responds "Oh, I'd say about 'googol' to one."
• In an episode[which?] of the animated series Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Fast Forward, the "Gaminator" video games system is said to have a "3-googolhertz processor."
• "A googolplex is precisely as far from infinity as is the number one." — Carl Sagan, Cosmos
• The company name Google is a misspelling of the word "Googol" made by founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin, as described in the book The Google Story by David A. Vise.
• Googol was a question in the 1995 film, The Computer Wore Tennis Shoes, when the two colleges were answering against each other. "What is a googol?" was the question. Norwood Gills answered with "One, followed by a hundred zeros".
• In Back to the Future III, Emmett Brown states that Clara was "One in a googolplex".
• In Steve Martin's comedy album Comedy Is Not Pretty!, Martin talks about buying a googolphonic stereo system (which he erroneously describes as having, "the highest number of speakers before infinity...") after not being satisfied with his stereophonic, quadraphonic, then dodecaphonic systems.
• In an episode[which?] of Samurai Jack, the shape-shifting master of darkness Aku puts a price on the noble samurai's head of 2 googolplex.
• In a March 1976 comic book issue of Richie Rich (Vaults of Mystery #9), introduced a villain named "The Googol".
• In 2002 the band Clutch released their album Live At The Googolplex.
• On Phineas & Ferb, Danville's main shopping center is the Googolplex Mall.
• In The Simpsons animated television series the large cinema in Springfield is known as the "googolplex"

## References

1. Kasner, Edward and Luis Correa, Mathematics and the Imagination, 1940, Simon and Schuster, New York. ISBN 0-486-41703-4
2. Estimate of the number of atoms in the Universe; 1078 up to 1081
3. Another estimate of the number of atoms in the Universe; 4 × 1079
4. On the dark side, p.4
5. MATLAB mfile calculating the number of primes and its storage requirements
6. Millionaire's route to the top prize

sensagent's content

• definitions
• synonyms
• antonyms
• encyclopedia

Dictionary and translator for handheld

New : sensagent is now available on your handheld

sensagent's office

Shortkey or widget. Free.

Windows Shortkey: . Free.

Vista Widget : . Free.

Webmaster Solution

Alexandria

A windows (pop-into) of information (full-content of Sensagent) triggered by double-clicking any word on your webpage. Give contextual explanation and translation from your sites !

Try here  or   get the code

SensagentBox

With a SensagentBox, visitors to your site can access reliable information on over 5 million pages provided by Sensagent.com. Choose the design that fits your site.

WordGame

The English word games are:
○   Anagrams
○   Wildcard, crossword
○   Lettris
○   Boggle.

Lettris

Lettris is a curious tetris-clone game where all the bricks have the same square shape but different content. Each square carries a letter. To make squares disappear and save space for other squares you have to assemble English words (left, right, up, down) from the falling squares.

boggle

Boggle gives you 3 minutes to find as many words (3 letters or more) as you can in a grid of 16 letters. You can also try the grid of 16 letters. Letters must be adjacent and longer words score better. See if you can get into the grid Hall of Fame !

English dictionary
Main references

Most English definitions are provided by WordNet .
English thesaurus is mainly derived from The Integral Dictionary (TID).
English Encyclopedia is licensed by Wikipedia (GNU).

The wordgames anagrams, crossword, Lettris and Boggle are provided by Memodata.
The web service Alexandria is granted from Memodata for the Ebay search.
The SensagentBox are offered by sensAgent.

Translation

Change the target language to find translations.
Tips: browse the semantic fields (see From ideas to words) in two languages to learn more.

last searches on the dictionary :

4120 online visitors

computed in 0.047s

I would like to report:
section :
a spelling or a grammatical mistake
an offensive content(racist, pornographic, injurious, etc.)